Seni Merajut Sejarah - Siapa yang Mengukir Jejak di Balik Jahitan Bendera Pusaka?
3 Tokoh Pengibar Bendera Merah Putih saat Proklamasi Kemerdekaan 1945
Selamat Hari Kemerdekaan yang ke-78 Indonesia! Apakah kamu pernah menjadi salah satu petugas upacara di tanggal 17 Agustus? Bagian apa? Pemimpin upacara? Atau lebih keren lagi pengibar bendera?
Wah, kalau kamu bertugas sebagai pengibar bendera atau bahasa kerennya paskibra (pasukan pengibar bendera), berarti sudah melaksanakan dengan baik peran sebagai generasi penerus pengibar bendera saat hari ulang tahun kemerdekaan Indonesia.
Nah, alangkah baiknya kamu juga mengenal tokoh pengibar bendera merah putih pertama kali saat proklamasi kemerdekaan tahun 1945. Siapa saja mereka?
Anggota pengibar bendera, dulunya pas awal kemerdekaan itu hanya ada 3. Orang pertama bertugas sebagai pembawa bendera, orang kedua bertugas sebagai pengerek tali di tiang bendera, dan orang ketiga itu bertugas sebagai pembentang bendara.
Sekarang, ayo kita kenalan dengan ketiga orang tersebut yang berjasa mengibarkan bendera merah putih saat proklamasi kemerdekaan.
Description and symbolism [ edit ]
The Bendera Pusaka consists of two bands, red at the top and white at the bottom, at a scale of 2:3. The red stands for bravery (Indonesian: keberanian), while the white stands for purity (Indonesian: kesucian). [3] However, alternative meanings have been proposed, including that the red represents palm sugar and the white represents rice, both staples of Indonesian cuisine. [2]
The Bendera Pusaka has been used in the name of the Indonesian student organization Pasukan Pengibar Bendera Pusaka (often abbreviated Paskibraka, English: Bendera Pusaka Flag Hoisting Troop ). The organization, which was founded by Husein Mutahar in 1968, provides flag bearers for flag ceremonies in the local and national levels as well as in international functions for overseas Indonesians. [4] This organization has a national board - the National BPFHT Council (Purna Paskibraka Indonesia). Their best appearance is during the Independence Day commemorations every 17 August.
Siapa yang Menjahit Bendera Pusaka Merah Putih
Yang menjahit bendera Merah Putih pertama adalah Fatmawati. Ia merupakan istri Presiden ke-1 Indonesia Sukarno sekaligus Ibu Negara pertama dari tahun 1945 hingga tahun 1967.
Fatmawati dikenal akan jasanya dalam menjahit Bendera Pusaka Sang Saka Merah Putih yang dikibarkan pada upacara Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia di Jakarta pada tanggal 17 Agustus 1945.
Ibunda dari Presiden ke-5 Indonesia, Megawati Soekarnoputri ini lahir di Bengkulu pada 5 Februari 1923 dengan nama asli Fatimah. Ayah Fatmawati Hasan Din, adalah tokoh Muhammadiyah di Bengkulu.
Keluarga Fatmawati, selain dihormati karena ketokohan ayahnya, juga disebut-sebut masih keturunan kerabat Kesultanan Indrapura yang mengungsi ke Bengkulu ketika kerajaan itu ditekan Belanda pada awal abad ke-19.
Mengutip laman Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Ibu Fatmawati menjahit bendera Merah Putih dengan mesin jahit tangan di ruang tamu rumahnya.
Kala itu, Sukarno bersama tokoh lain sedang mempersiapkan perlengkapan yang akan digunakan untuk momen pembacaan naskah teks proklamasi. Fatmawati yang berada di dalam rumah, tak sengaja mendengar bahwa bendera Indonesia belum tersedia.
Ia pun kemudian memutuskan untuk menjahit Bendera Indonesia. Dengan bantuan Chaerul Basri, seorang pemuda asal Bukit Tinggi, Sumatera Barat, Fatmawati meminta kain merah dan putih kepada Shimizu, pimpinan barisan Propaganda Jepang Gerakan Tiga A. Shimizu yang sudah menjadi teman baik Fatmawati pun kemudian menghubungi rekannya untuk mendapatkan kain merah dan putih.
Sebagaimana ditulis Bondan Winarno dalam bukunya, Berkibarlah Benderaku (2003), diketahui Fatmawati sambil menitikan air mata ketika menjahit bendera ini. Hal tersebut bukan tanpa alasan, sebab saat itu Fatmawati tengah menanti kelahiran Guntur Soekarnoputra, yang memang sudah bulannya untuk lahir.
Di buku tersebut, diceritakan bahwa Fatmawati menjahit menggunakan mesin jahit singer yang hanya bisa digerakkan menggunakan tangan saja. Itu karena mesin jahit menggunakan kaki tidak diperkenankan mengingat usia kehamilan Fatmawati.
Relocation [ edit ]
In 2003, the governor of Jakarta, Sutiyoso announced his plan to relocate the original Bendera Pusaka from the Merdeka Palace to the National Monument. For security and financial reasons, the Rp 3.5 billion (US$388,889) project was delayed for a year. Of the Rp3.5 billion, only Rp 500 million was allocated for the actual relocation ceremony, while most of the remaining Rp 3 billion was spent on procuring around 15 kilograms of gold for the conservation room and on security measures such as alarms and security cameras. The spending was proposed in the 2003 revised city budget. The plan was to install the flag in a 24-carat gold plated case in the Independence Room inside the National Monument. Inside the Independence Room, there are three most important relics from Indonesia's history: the Garuda Pancasila statue, the Nusantara (Archipelago) map and the original text of the Proclamation of Independence, which all are kept in the gold plated cases. [7]
- Torchia, Christopher (2007). Indonesian Idioms and Expressions: Colloquial Indonesian at Work. Singapore: Tuttle. ISBN978-0-8048-3873-3 .
History [ edit ]
The Bendera Pusaka was sewn by Sukarno's wife Fatmawati. [1] It was based on a 13th-century Majapahit flag, which had nine stripes of red and white. [2]
It was first raised at Sukarno's house at 56 Pegangsaan Timur Street, Jakarta, after Sukarno read the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence. [3] It was hoisted on a short bamboo staff by a group led by Captain Latief Hendaningrat, after its hoisting, the gathered crowd sang "Indonesia Raya". [2] [4]
During the first year of the Indonesian National Revolution, the Bendera Pusaka flew day and night. After the Dutch took Jakarta in 1946, the Bendera Pusaka was brought to Yogyakarta in Sukarno's briefcase. During Operatie Kraai, the Bendera Pusaka was cut in half and given to Indonesian composer Husein Mutahar for safekeeping, Mutahar was told to "protect the flag with [his] life". Despite being captured by and escaping from the Dutch, Mutahar managed to bring the flag to Jakarta, sew it back together, and turn it over to Soedjono. Soedjono later returned the flag to Sukarno, who was in exile in Bangka. [4]
After the end of the war, the Bendera Pusaka was raised once a year in front of the Presidential Palace during Independence Day celebrations. [1] However, due to the flag's fragile state, beginning in 1968 it has been replaced by a replica. [ citation needed ]
In 2003, plans were released to relocate the Bendera Pusaka from the Presidential Palace to the National Monument. In 2004, the relocation was expected to cost Rp. 3.5 billion (US$388,889), with the flag being stored in a 24-karat gold-plated case within the Independence Room of the Monument. [5] However, the relocation has been consistently delayed. [6] As of 2009, its storage at the National Monument has been mandated by law. [3]
Tags: jahit yang ende
